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when与while的区别和用法

Q1:When while as的区别和用法

(1)
若主句表示的是一个短暂性动作,从句表示的是一个持续性动作,三者都可用:He fell asleep when [while, as] he was reading.
他看书时睡着了。
【注】
as 用于引出一个持续性动词表示“在„„期间”时,其谓语通常只能是那些含有动作
(action)
和发展(development)
意味的动词,
一般不能是那些不用于进行时态的动词
(如be, seem, love,
want, agree, see, know, have
等),所以下面一句中的
while
不能换为as:A:
Im going to the post office.
我要去邮局。
B:While you
’are there, can you get me some stamps?
当你在邮局时,能帮我买几张邮票吗
? (2)
若主、从句表示两个同时进行的持续性动作,且强调主句表示的动作延续到从句所指的整
个时间,通常要用
while:Dont talk while you are eating.
吃饭时不要说话。
I kept silent while he was writing.
在他写的时候,我默不做声。但是,若主从句表示的两个同时进行的动作含有“一边„一边”之意思,通常用
as:She sang as she went along.
她边走边唱。
(3) 若从句是一个短暂性动作,主句是一个持续性动作,可用as / when 但不用while:
It was raining hard when [as] we arrived.
我们到达时正下着大雨。
(4)
若主从句表示的是两个同时
(或几乎同时)
发生的短暂性动作,用
as / when:
I thought of it just when [as] you opened your mouth.
就在你要说的时候,我也想到了。
(5)
若要表示两个正在发展变化的情况,相当于汉语的“随着”
,一般用as:
Things are getting better and better as time goes on.
随着时间的推移,情况越来越好。
As it grew darker, it became colder.
天色越晚,天气越冷。
(6) 表示“每当„的时候”
(暗示一种规律性),一般要用
whe:It

s cold when it snows.
下雪时天冷。He smiles when you praise him.
你夸奖他时他总是笑笑。(7)
若主从句所表示的动作不是同时发生,而是有先后顺序时,一般要用when
:I will go home when he comes back.
他回来时,我就回家去。
We were about to start when it began to rain.
我们正要出发,这时天开始下雨了。He likes coffee, while she likes tea.
他喜欢咖啡,而她却喜欢茶。(9) as 和when
后均可直接跟一个名词,构成省略句,但
while 一般不这样用:
As [When] a boy, he lived in Japan.
他小时候在日本。
10) when
和while
后可接现在分词、
介词短语、
形容词等构成省略句,
但as 一般不这样用:
When [While] reading, he fell asleep.
他看书时睡着了。
When [While] in trouble, ask her for help.
遇到麻烦的时候你就去找她帮忙。
版本二
一、as的意思是
“正当„„时候
(just as
,at the same moment that
)”随着„„
(while
when)
”它既可表示一个具体的时间点,
也可以表示一段时间。
as
可表示主句和从句的动作同时发生或同时
持续,即“点点重合”
“线线重合”
;又可表示一个动作发生在另一个动作的持续过程中,即“点线
重合”
,但不能表示两个动作一前一后发生。如果主句和从句的谓语动词都表示持续性的动作,二
者均可用进行时,也可以一个用进行时,一个用一般时或者都用一般时。例如:
1As I got on the bus
,he got off.
我上车,他下车。
(点点重合)
2、He was writing as I was reading.
我看书时,他在写字。
(线线重合)
3、The students were talking as the teacher came in.
老师进来时,学生们正在讲话。
(点线重合)
二、
while
的意思是“在„„同时
(at the same time that )
”“在„„期间
(for as long as, during the
timethat)while
的本身词义来看,它只能表示一段时间,不能表示具体的时间点。在时间上
可以是“线线重合”或“点线重合”
,但不能表示“点点重合”
。例如:
1、He was watching TV while she was cooking.
她做饭时,他在看电视。
(线线重合)
2、He was waiting for me while I was working.
我工作的时候,他正等着我。
(线线重合)
3He asked me a question while I was speaking.
我在讲话时,他问了我一个问题。
(点线重合)
三、
when
的意思是“当„„时候(
at
the
time
that
)无论什么时候(
whenever
一„„
就„„(
as soon as)
”在„„以后(
afte)。它表示的时间概念比较广泛,上述例句中的
as

while
均可用
when
代替,因为
when
不但可以表示具体的时间点,而且也可以表示一段时间。在时
间上它既能表示“点点重合”
“线线重合”
,又能表示“点线重合”
。例如、
When he came in
she went out.
他进来,她出去。
(点点重合)
此句中
when
从句的动作表示的是一个时间点,
when
可以用
as
代替,但不能用
while
代替。
2、When he came back,I was doing some washing. 他回来时,我在洗衣服。
(点线重合)此句中
when
从句的动作表示的是一个时间点,所以只能用
as
代替,不能用
while
代替。

Q2:when和while的用法和区别

when和while的用法与区别 :
1、由when引导的时间状语从句,主句用过去进行时,从句应用一般过去时;如果从句和主句的动作同时发生,两句都用过去进行时的时候,多用while引导,如:
a. When the teacher came in, we were talking.
当此句改变主从句的位置时,则为:
While we were talking, the teacher came in.
b. They were singing while we were dancing.
2、when和while 还可作并列连词.when表示“在那时”;while表示“而,却”,表对照关系.如:
a. The children were running to move the bag of rice when they heard the sound of a motor bike.
孩子们正要跑过去搬开那袋米,这时他们听到了摩托车的声音.
b. He is strong while his brother is weak.
他长得很结实,而他弟弟却很瘦弱.
3、when,while引导时间状语从句的区别
一、when可以和延续性动词连用,也可以和短暂性动词连用;而while只能和延续性动词连用.
① Why do you want a new job when youve got such a good one already?(get为短暂性动词)你已经找到如此好的工作,为何还想再找新的?
②Sorry,I was out when you called me.(call为短暂性动词)对不起,你打电话时我刚好外出了.
③Strike while the iron is hot.(is为延续性动词,表示一种持续的状态)趁热打铁.
二、when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生;while从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生.
1.从句动作在主句动作前发生,只用 when.
①When he had finished his homework,he took a short rest.(finished先发生)当他完成作业后,他休息了一会儿.
②When I got to the airport,the guests had left.(got to后发生)当我赶到飞机场时,客人们已经离开了.
2.从句动作和主句动作同时发生,且从句动作为延续性动词时,when,while都可使用.
①When /While we were dancing,a stranger came in.(dance为延续性动词)当我们跳舞时,一位陌生人走了进来.
②When /While she was making a phonecall,I was writing a letter.(make为延续性动词)当她在打电话时,我正在写信.
4.在将来时从句中,常用when,且从句须用一般时代替将来时.
①You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it.在我读完这本书后,你可以借阅.
②When the manager comes here for a visit next week,Ill talk with him about this.下周,经理来这参观时,我会和他谈谈此事.
三、when用于表示“一……就……”的句型中(指过去的事情).
sb.had hardly(=scarcely) done sth.when...=Hardly / Scarcely had sb.done sth.when...
①I had hardly /scarcely closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door.=Hardly / Scarcely had I closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door.我刚一闭上眼,就有人在敲门了.
②I had hardly /scarcely entered my room when the telephone rang.=Hardly /Scarcely had I entered my room when the telephone rang.我刚一走进房门,电话就响了.

Q3:when 和 while 用法的区别有哪些?

when,while都有“当……时候”的意思。
when既可表示某一点时间,也可以表示某一段时间 。
在when引导的时间状语从句中,其谓语动词可以是延续性的,也可以是非延续性的,可与主句中的谓语动词同时发生,也可在其后发生。
while只能表示某一段时间,不能表示某一点时间。在while引导的时间状语从句中,其谓语动词只能是延续性的,而且也只能与主句中的谓语动词同时发生或存在。
when和while的区别还在于:while引导的时间状语从句多用进行时态,而when引导的时间状语从句多用一般时态。

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